OBD-2 protocols
SAE J1850 PWM (41.6 kbaud, standard of the Ford Motor Company)
pin 2: Bus-
pin 10: Bus+
High voltage is +5V
Message length is restricted to 12 bytes, including CRC Employs a multi-master arbitration scheme called Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Non-Destructive Arbitration (CSMA/NDA)
SAE J1850 VPW (Variable Pulse Width) (10.4/41.6 kbaud, standard of General Motors)
pin 2: Bus+
Bus idles low
High voltage is +7V
Decision point is +3.5V
Message length is restricted to 12 bytes, including CRC Employs CSMA/NDA
ISO 9141-2. This protocol has a data rate of 10.4 kbaud, and is similar to RS-232.
ISO 9141-2 is primarily used in Chrysler, European, and Asian vehicles.
pin 7: K-line
pin 15: L-line (optional)
UART signaling (though not RS-232 voltage levels)
K-line idles high
High voltage is Vbatt
Message length is restricted to 12 bytes, including CRC
ISO 14230 KWP2000 (Keyword Protocol 2000) used by most European and Asian manufacturers.
Alfa Romeo, Audi, BMW, Citroen, Fiat, Honda, Hyundai, Jaguar (X300, XK), Jeep since 2004, Kia, Land Rover, Mazda, Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Peugeot, Renault, Saab, Skoda, Subaru, Toyota, Vauxhall, Volkswagen (VW) since 2001, Volvo to 2004
pin 7: K-line
pin 15: L-line (optional)
Physical layer identical to ISO 9141-2
Data rate 1.2 to 10.4 kbaud
Message may contain up to 255 bytes in the data field
ISO 15765 CAN (250kbit/sec or 500kbit/sec)
pin 6: CAN High
pin 14: CAN Low
Used in most modern vehicles.
Note that pins 4 (battery ground) and 16 (battery positive) are present in all configurations. Also, ISO 9141 and ISO 14230 use the same pinout, thus you cannot distinguish between the two simply by examining the connector.